The history of these lands dates back millenia and speaks of many transformative events that completely changed the region with various cultural and religious influences. Ancient civilizations like the Thamud, Nabateans and Lihyanites once resided in the peninsula. Being located at the crossroads of the Indian, Persian and Mediterranean continents, it often welcomed visitors from different and distant lands.
The most influential event in the history of Saudi Arabia was the founding of Islam during the 7th century. According to the Quran, the Prophet was shown revelations by Allah at Mecca. After the Prophet's passing, many rulers like Umayyad and Abbasid founded Islamic Caliphates and ruled the lands.
After defeating the Ottomans who ruled during the 19th century, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was finally formed in 1932 with Riyadh as its capital.